Competency Based Medical Education is an educational methodology aiming to improve medical care by enhancing physicians' training. This approach focuses on training towards achieving defined competencies and skills, thereby assuring that the physicians are qualified to provide safe and quality care whilst progressing through their training program and prior to acquiring their final certification or license. The Israel Neonatal Society is one of the first three Israeli subspecialty boards to promote a CBME based residency-training program and MSR is a major partner in this innovative program. Simulation based training is a significant part of the neonatal fellowship program and some of the required competencies include infection control, neonatal resuscitation, prevention of intraventricular hemorrhage, communication skills and learning to be tutors and instructors. MSR is part of the Neonatal CBME steering committee and has a leading role in the work place based assessment of the training program.